General Epistles · New Testament

1 John

c. AD 85–95

Section
General Epistles · New Testament
Events span
c. AD 85–95
Written
c. AD 90 critical view: c. AD 90–110
Author
John the Apostle critical view: The Johannine community / anonymous

John writes to assure believers of eternal life and to expose false teaching. He gives tests of genuine faith: walking in the light, obeying God's commands, and above all loving one another — for “God is love.” By these we know we belong to the truth.

Key themes

  • God is light
  • God is love
  • Assurance of eternal life
  • Tests of true faith
  • Love one another

The letter's message

  • "God is light" — walking in the light brings fellowship and cleansing from sin 1 John 1c. AD 90
  • Obeying God's commands and loving others prove that we truly know him 1 John 2c. AD 90
  • Believers are the children of God; test the spirits, for many false prophets have gone out 1 John 3–4c. AD 90
  • "God is love" — we love because he first loved us 1 John 4c. AD 90
  • These things are written so that you may know you have eternal life 1 John 5c. AD 90
“He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love.”
1 John 4:8 KJV