History · Old Testament

2 Samuel

c. 1010–970 BC

Section
History · Old Testament
Events span
c. 1010–970 BC
Written
c. 970 BC critical view: Part of the Deuteronomistic History, c. 6th century BC
Author
Nathan and Gad (by tradition) critical view: The Deuteronomistic historians

2 Samuel chronicles David's forty-year reign — his rise to king over all Israel, the capture of Jerusalem, God's covenant to establish his throne forever, and then his sin with Bathsheba and the family and national turmoil that followed.

Key themes

  • The Davidic covenant
  • David's reign
  • Sin and its consequences
  • Repentance
  • God's steadfast promise

Key events

David's Reign Established (2 Samuel 1–10)

  • David mourns Saul and Jonathan and is anointed king over Judah 2 Sam 1–2c. 1010 BC
  • After a long war with the house of Saul, David becomes king over all Israel 2 Sam 5c. 1003 BC
  • David captures Jerusalem and makes it his capital 2 Sam 5c. 1003 BC
  • David brings the ark to Jerusalem, dancing before the LORD 2 Sam 6c. 1000 BC
  • God covenants to establish David's throne and kingdom forever 2 Sam 7c. 1000 BC
  • David shows kindness to Jonathan's crippled son Mephibosheth 2 Sam 9c. 995 BC

David's Sin & Its Consequences (2 Samuel 11–24)

  • David commits adultery with Bathsheba and has her husband Uriah killed 2 Sam 11c. 991 BC
  • Nathan confronts David, who repents; the child born to Bathsheba dies 2 Sam 12c. 991 BC
  • Amnon rapes Tamar; her brother Absalom kills Amnon and flees 2 Sam 13c. 985 BC
  • Absalom rebels, seizes Jerusalem, and David flees the city 2 Sam 15–16c. 979 BC
  • Absalom is defeated and killed, and David grieves bitterly over him 2 Sam 18c. 979 BC
  • David's census brings a plague; he builds an altar on Araunah's threshing floor 2 Sam 24c. 975 BC
“And thine house and thy kingdom shall be established for ever before thee: thy throne shall be established for ever.”
2 Samuel 7:16 KJV