Law · Old Testament

Deuteronomy

c. 1406 BC

Section
Law · Old Testament
Events span
c. 1406 BC
Written
c. 1406 BC critical view: c. 640–609 BC, linked to Josiah’s reform
Author
Moses critical view: The Deuteronomist (D), 7th century BC

Deuteronomy is Moses' farewell — a series of sermons to the new generation on the plains of Moab, restating the law and calling Israel to love and obey the one true God as they enter the promised land. It ends with Moses' death within sight of Canaan.

Key themes

  • Covenant renewal
  • Love and obey God
  • The Shema
  • Blessing and curse
  • Remember and don't forget

Key events

First Speech: Looking Back (Deuteronomy 1–4)

  • Moses recounts Israel's journey from Sinai and their failure of nerve at Kadesh Deut 1–3c. 1406 BC
  • Moses urges Israel to obey God and never forget the covenant or turn to idols Deut 4c. 1406 BC

Second Speech: The Law Restated (Deuteronomy 5–26)

  • Moses restates the Ten Commandments to the new generation Deut 5c. 1406 BC
  • The Shema: "Hear, O Israel… love the LORD with all your heart" Deut 6c. 1406 BC
  • Moses warns against idolatry and recalls the golden calf and God's provision Deut 7–11c. 1406 BC
  • Laws for worship, festivals, kings, prophets, and cities of refuge Deut 12–19c. 1406 BC
  • Laws for war, society, and daily life, with firstfruits and tithes Deut 20–26c. 1406 BC

Covenant Renewal & Moses' Death (Deuteronomy 27–34)

  • Blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience are set before Israel Deut 27–28c. 1406 BC
  • Moses calls Israel to "choose life" by loving and obeying God Deut 29–30c. 1406 BC
  • Moses commissions Joshua and gives his song and his blessing on the tribes Deut 31–33c. 1406 BC
  • Moses views the promised land from Mount Nebo, dies, and is buried by God Deut 34c. 1406 BC
“Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD: And thou shalt love the LORD thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might.”
Deuteronomy 6:4–5 KJV