History · Old Testament

Ezra

c. 538–457 BC

Section
History · Old Testament
Events span
c. 538–457 BC
Written
c. 440 BC critical view: c. 400 BC
Author
Ezra critical view: The Chronicler / an anonymous compiler, c. 400 BC

Ezra tells of the Jews' return from Babylonian exile in two waves: first under Zerubbabel to rebuild the temple, then under Ezra the scribe to restore the law. It shows God stirring pagan kings to keep his promise to restore his people.

Key themes

  • Return from exile
  • Rebuilding the temple
  • God's sovereignty over kings
  • Restoring the law
  • Covenant faithfulness

Key events

Rebuilding the Temple under Zerubbabel (Ezra 1–6)

  • Cyrus of Persia decrees that the exiles may return and rebuild the temple Ezra 1538 BC
  • About fifty thousand return under Zerubbabel and rebuild the altar Ezra 2–3537 BC
  • Opposition from surrounding peoples halts the temple work for years Ezra 4c. 530 BC
  • Encouraged by Haggai and Zechariah, the people finish and dedicate the temple Ezra 5–6516 BC

Ezra's Return & Reforms (Ezra 7–10)

  • Ezra the scribe leads a second group back to Jerusalem with the king's blessing Ezra 7–8458 BC
  • Ezra leads the people to repent of intermarriage with the surrounding nations Ezra 9–10457 BC
“For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and judgments.”
Ezra 7:10 KJV