Minor Prophets · Old Testament

Habakkuk

c. 610–605 BC

Section
Minor Prophets · Old Testament
Events span
c. 610–605 BC
Written
c. 607 BC
Author
Habakkuk

Habakkuk dares to question God: why does he tolerate Judah's violence, and why would he use the even more wicked Babylonians to judge them? God answers, and the prophet learns to trust, ending with a psalm of faith: “the just shall live by his faith,” and “yet I will rejoice in the LORD.”

Historical setting: Kingdom of Judah in its last years, as Babylon rises to become God's instrument of judgment.

Chronological placement: Written c. 607 BC, just before Babylon (the Chaldeans) rose to threaten and then conquer Judah.

Key themes

  • Wrestling with God
  • The problem of evil
  • The just shall live by faith
  • God's sovereignty
  • Rejoicing in trials

Key events

  • Habakkuk asks why God tolerates violence and injustice in Judah Hab 1c. 607 BC
  • God answers that he is raising up the fierce Babylonians to judge them Hab 1c. 607 BC
  • The prophet asks how God can use a nation even more wicked than Judah Hab 1c. 607 BC
  • God replies that "the just shall live by his faith," while the proud will fall Hab 2c. 607 BC
  • Five woes are pronounced on the greedy, violent oppressor Hab 2c. 607 BC
  • Habakkuk prays and resolves to rejoice in God even if every crop and flock fails Hab 3c. 607 BC

Key lessons

  • It is not faithless to bring hard, honest questions to God; Habakkuk argues with him openly, and God answers rather than rebuking him for asking. Hab 1
  • God is at work even through events that look like chaos or injustice, unfolding his purposes on his own appointed timetable. Hab 2:3
  • “The just shall live by his faith”: the righteous endure not by understanding God’s plan but by trusting his character until it unfolds. Hab 2:4
  • Faith’s summit is rejoicing in God himself even when every visible blessing fails, because he, not the harvest, is the believer’s joy. Hab 3:17–18
“Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.”
Habakkuk 2:4 KJV