Minor Prophets · Old Testament

Zephaniah

c. 640–620 BC

Section
Minor Prophets · Old Testament
Events span
c. 640–620 BC
Written
c. 630 BC critical view: c. 7th century BC, with later editing
Author
Zephaniah critical view: Zephaniah, with later editing

Zephaniah warns that “the great day of the LORD is near” — a day of judgment on Judah and the nations for idolatry and complacency. Yet beyond the judgment lies joy: God will gather a humble remnant and rejoice over them with singing.

Chronological placement: Prophesied during Josiah's reign (c. 630 BC), likely helping to spark his reforms.

Key themes

  • The day of the LORD
  • Judgment on complacency
  • Seek the LORD
  • A humble remnant
  • God rejoices over his people

Key events

  • Zephaniah announces the great day of the LORD, a day of wrath on Judah's idolatry Zeph 1c. 630 BC
  • He calls the nation to "seek the LORD… seek righteousness" before the day comes Zeph 2c. 630 BC
  • Judgment is pronounced on the surrounding nations Zeph 2c. 630 BC
  • Woe to rebellious, defiled Jerusalem and its corrupt officials, judges, and prophets Zeph 3c. 630 BC
  • God will leave a humble remnant and rejoice over them with singing Zeph 3c. 630 BC
“The LORD thy God in the midst of thee is mighty; he will save, he will rejoice over thee with joy; he will rest in his love, he will joy over thee with singing.”
Zephaniah 3:17 KJV