History · Old Testament

2 Kings

c. 850–586 BC

Section
History · Old Testament
Events span
c. 850–586 BC
Written
c. 560 BC critical view: The Deuteronomistic History, c. 6th century BC
Author
Compiled by an anonymous author (traditionally Jeremiah) critical view: The Deuteronomistic historians

2 Kings follows the prophet Elisha and the decline of both kingdoms into idolatry, ending in judgment: Assyria destroys the northern kingdom of Israel in 722 BC, and Babylon destroys Judah and Jerusalem, carrying the people into exile, in 586 BC.

Key themes

  • Prophets and miracles
  • The fall of Israel (722 BC)
  • The fall of Judah (586 BC)
  • Idolatry and judgment
  • Exile

Key events

The Ministry of Elisha (2 Kings 1–8)

  • Elijah is taken up in a whirlwind, and Elisha receives a double portion of his spirit 2 Kings 2c. 850 BC
  • Elisha's miracles: the widow's oil, the Shunammite's son raised, and Naaman healed of leprosy 2 Kings 4–5c. 845 BC
  • Elisha's servant sees the hills full of God's chariots as the Aramean siege is broken 2 Kings 6–7c. 840 BC

The Fall of Israel (2 Kings 9–17)

  • Jehu destroys the house of Ahab, killing Jezebel and the worshippers of Baal 2 Kings 9–10c. 841 BC
  • The boy Joash is hidden and crowned, and the temple is repaired 2 Kings 11–12c. 835 BC
  • Prophets warn, but Israel's kings persist in the sins of Jeroboam 2 Kings 13–16c. 790 BC
  • Assyria conquers Samaria and exiles the northern kingdom of Israel for its idolatry 2 Kings 17722 BC

The Fall of Judah (2 Kings 18–25)

  • Hezekiah trusts God, and Jerusalem is spared as an angel strikes the Assyrian army 2 Kings 18–19701 BC
  • Hezekiah is granted fifteen more years, and the sun's shadow goes backward as a sign 2 Kings 20c. 700 BC
  • Manasseh's long, wicked reign fills Judah with idolatry and innocent blood 2 Kings 21c. 690 BC
  • Josiah finds the Book of the Law and leads a great reform 2 Kings 22–23622 BC
  • Babylon captures Jerusalem, destroys the temple, and exiles Judah 2 Kings 24–25586 BC
“and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into heaven.”
2 Kings 2:11 KJV