Major Prophets · Old Testament

Ezekiel

c. 593–571 BC

Section
Major Prophets · Old Testament
Events span
c. 593–571 BC
Written
c. 571 BC, from exile in Babylonia (in modern-day southern Iraq)
Author
Ezekiel the priest

Ezekiel, a priest exiled to Babylon, receives dramatic visions and acts out God's messages. He declares judgment on Jerusalem before its fall, then judgment on the nations, and finally hope: dry bones coming to life and a restored temple where God dwells.

Historical setting: Among the exiles in Babylon; the book spans the First Temple's destruction (586 BC), after which no temple would stand until the Second was built.

Key themes

  • The glory of God
  • Judgment for idolatry
  • Individual responsibility
  • The valley of dry bones
  • God's presence restored

Key events

Judgment on Jerusalem (Ezekiel 1–24)

  • Ezekiel sees a vision of God's glory on a chariot-throne of wheels and is called as a prophet Ezek 1–3593 BC
  • He acts out the coming siege of Jerusalem with signs and symbols Ezek 4–5592 BC
  • In a vision he sees the idolatry in the temple and God's glory departing from it Ezek 8–11592 BC
  • "The soul that sinneth, it shall die" — each person is accountable for their own sin Ezek 18c. 590 BC
  • Ezekiel's wife dies as a sign, and he is told not to mourn Ezek 24588 BC

Judgment on the Nations (Ezekiel 25–32)

  • Oracles of judgment against Ammon, Moab, Tyre, Egypt, and other nations Ezek 25–32c. 587–571 BC

Hope & Restoration (Ezekiel 33–48)

  • Ezekiel is made a watchman; God himself will be the good shepherd who seeks his sheep Ezek 33–34586 BC
  • The valley of dry bones comes to life, picturing Israel's national resurrection Ezek 37586 BC
  • The defeat of Gog of Magog, who comes against God's restored people Ezek 38–39c. 585 BC
  • A vision of a new temple, with God's glory returning to fill it Ezek 40–48573 BC

Key lessons

  • God’s presence, not the building, is what makes a place holy; when Israel persists in idolatry, his glory departs the temple before the enemy ever arrives. Ezek 10:18
  • Each person is accountable to God for their own life: “the soul that sinneth, it shall die,” bound neither by a parent’s guilt nor saved by a parent’s righteousness. Ezek 18:20
  • God can bring life out of what is utterly dead; the valley of dry bones promises he will revive a people who seem beyond all hope. Ezek 37:5–6
  • One aim runs through the whole book, “they shall know that I am the LORD”; God judges and restores so the world will recognize who he is. Ezek 36:22–23
“A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh.”
Ezekiel 36:26 KJV