Minor Prophets · Old Testament

Joel

c. 835 BC (date debated)

Section
Minor Prophets · Old Testament
Events span
c. 835 BC (date debated)
Written
c. 835 BC critical view: c. 400 BC (post-exilic)
Author
Joel son of Pethuel critical view: Joel; date and setting uncertain

A devastating locust plague becomes for Joel a picture of the coming “day of the LORD.” He calls Judah to repent, promises restoration, and foretells the day when God will pour out his Spirit on all people — the prophecy Peter quotes at Pentecost.

Chronological placement: The date is uncertain; traditionally placed early (c. 835 BC), so it is positioned here among the earlier prophets.

Key themes

  • The day of the LORD
  • Repentance
  • The locust plague
  • Outpouring of the Spirit
  • Restoration and blessing

Key events

  • A locust plague devastates the land, a foretaste of the day of the LORD Joel 1c. 835 BC
  • Joel calls the nation to fast and weep: "rend your heart, and not your garments" Joel 2c. 835 BC
  • God promises to restore "the years that the locust hath eaten" Joel 2c. 835 BC
  • God will pour out his Spirit on all flesh, with signs before the day of the LORD Joel 2c. 835 BC
  • God will judge the nations in the valley of decision and dwell with his people Joel 3c. 835 BC
“And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:”
Joel 2:28 KJV